Quality Management (and TQM) focuses not only on the quality of the outputs (products & services) but also the inputs - the tasks and processes by which the outputs were created. Ideally, the quality of a product and/or service is not only increasing but the process by which the product and/or service is created is becoming better, thus achieving more consistent, higher quality products and services.
So where exactly did Quality Management come from? When did people start managing quality? And how has Quality Management evolved?
Though Quality Management (and TQM) seem like a recent phenomenon, its roots can be traced back to the likes of Eli Whitney, Frederick Winslow Taylor and Henry Ford. Each of these illustrious craftsmen had their own input into what we call Quality Management today. Whitney popularized the use of identical (and interchangeable) parts to be used to manufacture muskets in an assembly line. Taylor, who was one of the intellectual leaders of the Efficiency Movement, contributed ideas such as standardization and adopting improved practices. Ford further perfected these ideas and implemented them into his assembly lines when he began creating the first 'affordable' automobile of the 20th century.
It wasn't until the 1920's that the concept of Quality Management made strides in businesses when statistical methods began being leveraged in a method of quality control for production. This method, called statistical quality control, was developed by
Japan began adopting the concept of Quality Management in the 1950s and 1960s in an effort to re-build its economy and dismantle the notion that Japanese goods were synonymous with cheapness. Japanese engineers and manufacturers sought the independent help of Deming and Joseph Juran. Deming for his contributions to the methods of statistical quality control, and Juran for his contributions to the concept of managing for quality.
With the help of Deming and Juran, the Japanese economy boomed from the 1970s onward. The philosophies and methods of Quality Management came back to the U.S. in the 1980s when Ford Motor Company recruited Deming to start a quality initiative so they could catch up to the now highly efficient, TQM-focused Japanese manufacturers.
Today, Quality Management is alive and well. Advancements in technology (social media, feedback processes, etc.) have made Quality Management a necessity for any company looking to be competitive and grow
Philosophies and processes will continue to be developed so long as there are customers to satisfy and companies will need to be able to evolve and adapt to stay relevant in the realm of Quality Management.
A Quality Management System (QMS) is a formalized system that documents policies, processes and procedures for achieving quality policies and objectives. QMS systems help businesses coordinate their activities to meet customer expectations, regulatory and compliance needs and improve the efficiency of its processes.
ISO 9001 is the the most prominent approach to Quality Management Systems and helps standardize how a QMS is designed.
Since quality is the key competitive differentiator in today’s global markets, implementing a QMS helps ensure that your processes run effectively and efficiently, lower costs and reduce waste.
Today, to achieve synergy in all aspects of quality, businesses can implement enterprise Quality Management software that provides a centralized means of managing and tracking your Quality Management System (QMS).
The ISO 9000 family is a standardized set of rules for Quality Management Systems to help organizations ensure they meet all statutory and regulatory requirements while also meeting the needs of their customers. ISO 9001:2015 is the world’s most recognized Quality Management standard and is an example of a Quality Management System. Based on the idea of continual improvement, it outlines the ways an organization can achieve consistent performance and service.
Because ISO 9001 specifies the requirements for an effective Quality Management System, it comes with many benefits, including:
Although not a requirement, an organization, large or small, can get certified to the standard. There are over one million companies and organizations in over 170 countries certified to ISO 9001. Certification to the ISO 9001 standard can increase an organization’s credibility by showing customers that its products and services meet quality standards. The certification process consists of implementation of ISO 9001:2015 requirements and then completing a successful registrar’s audit.
READ MORE: Leadership and Performance Evaluation in ISO 9001:2015
The International Standard for Quality Management (ISO 9001:2015) has a number of management principles to guide organizations to better performance. The management principles are:
Outdated Quality Management software systems - whether paper-based or legacy software - are complicated, fragmented, and unable to fully meet today’s complex business and compliance requirements.
Modern QMS software solutions should be cloud based, easy-to-use, and must include the following components:
Customer satisfaction is the backbone of Quality Management. In the Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) industry, products developed without the needs of the consumer in mind will quickly fail. Though the consumer goods industry is experiencing fundamental changes, it remains one of the most competitive in the world. CPG organizations must ensure they are producing a quality product while simultaneously overcoming internal and external challenges.
These challenges include:
For companies that exist in the CPG industry, there are two factors of quality that will determine your success, outside of the regulatory environment: Perceived Quality and Actual Quality. Perceived Quality is the "customer's perception of the overall quality or superiority of a product or service with respect to its intended purpose, relative to alternatives. "
Below are the dimensions of Perceived Quality (i.e. how a consumer determines if a product is 'quality' or not):
1. Performance: How well does a lawn mower mow lawns?
2. Features: Does a body wash have a convenient dispenser?
3. Conformance with specifications: Are there any reported defects?
4. Reliability: Will the lawn mower work properly each time it is used?
5. Durability: How long will the lawn mower last?
6. Serviceability: Is the maintenance system efficient, competent, and convenient?
7. Fit and finish: Does the product look and feel like a quality product?
Actual Quality is the extent to which the product or service delivers on each of the 7 dimensions above. In a world where new innovations are disrupting the industry, social media has accelerated and amplified the consequences of any misstep, and new competitors are competing more than ever for consumers, it is increasingly important for companies to ensure that the perceived quality of their product or service aligns with its Actual Quality.
CPG organizations must first successfully position their brand in front of consumers by streamlining the product journey (speed), providing end to end visibility (insight), and ensuring compliance with the latest standards (reducing risk). Then, they must ensure their product or service can deliver on all of the dimensions of perceived quality. Finally, companies must develop an ongoing relationship between brand and consumer (i.e. customer loyalty) because this is just as important as developing a quality product or service. Customer loyalty is driven by product quality and companies that fail to deliver on product quality expectations will find themselves quickly losing revenue, profitability and market share.
Veeva QualityOne helps manufacturers deliver high quality products that consumers trust. The cloud-based platform unifies applications, processes and partners across content management, Quality Management System (QMS), food safety management and training.
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